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1. Ukraine

Ukraine is a large country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova, Belarus and Russia, with a coastline on the Black Sea. Traffic drives on the right. Much of the country consists of broad plains and long intercity routes, while the Carpathians in the west bring steeper gradients, winding roads and significant winter conditions. Ukrainian, written in the Cyrillic alphabet, is the language used for road information, while major directional signage also uses Latin-script transliterations of Ukrainian place names.

Ukraine does not currently have a motorway vignette or a general toll system for existing public roads. Its standard speed framework distinguishes ordinary roads, divided roads and motorways, with limits of up to 90, 110 and 130 km/h respectively for ordinary cars. Martial law is currently in force following a 90-day extension from 2 August 2026, so temporary checkpoints, curfews, road closures and access restrictions can affect travel and may differ between regions. These temporary measures should be checked through current official regional and police information rather than treated as permanent national traffic rules.